DSLR- “Digital Single Lens Reflex”
- DSLR is a digital camera that uses mirrors to direct light from the lens to the viewfinder, which is a hole on the back of the camera that you look through to see what you are taking a picture of.
- Exposure is the amount of light collected by the sensor in your camera during a single picture
- If the shot is exposed too long the photograph will be washed out
- If the shot is exposed too short the photograph will appear too dark
- Almost all cameras today have light meters which measure the light in the given shot and set an ideal exposure
- The three primary controls your camera uses for exposure are aperture, shutter speed, and ISO
- Simply put, aperture is a hole within a lens, through which light travels into the camera body
- It is easier to understand the concept if you just think about your eyes
- Expressed in f-numbers
- Known as f-stops, describes size of the aperture or how open or closed the aperture is.
- Small f-stop means a larger picture.
- Small apertures increase depth of field, bringing both the main subject and background into focus
- Large aperture soften background details
- Depth of field is the distance to which objects behind and in front of the focal point appear to be in focus.
- Exposure time stands for the length of time a camera shutter is open to expose light into the camera sensor
- If the shutter speed is fast, it can help to freeze action completely
- If it is slow, it creates motion blur. Moving objects appear blurred along the direction of the motion.
- Shutter speeds are typically measured in fractions of a second, when they are under a second
- Slowest for handheld is 1/60 anything lower needs a tripod
- Slower handheld shutter speed begins to get motion blur and your photography may be out of focus
- The level of sensitivity of your camera to available light
- Lower the ISO number, less sensitive it is to the light while a higher ISO increases the sensitivity of your camera
- The component within your camera that can change sensitivity is called “image sensor” or simply “sensor”
- Bright and sunny, 100 iso
- Cloudy, 250 iso
- Indoors, 500 iso
- Night time without a flash, 1600 iso
- M- Manual Control over aperture and shutter
- A- Aperture priority
- S- Shutter Priority
- P- Camera sets shutter speed and aperture
- Have the camera strap around your neck at all times and
- Hold the camera by the lens and hand grip if possible- treat with care!
Aperture
Shutter speed conytold light. aperture changes brightness and depth of field. Viewer knows how to read you image. Aperture is key to controlling depth of field. Sense of motion changes when shutter speed is changed. Need to know how to manual control it. Measuring the area of the circle. aperture. F-stop number. Can't reason it out on your own without using physics. Shallow depth of field, dial down aperture. Depth of field always measured around point of focus.
Shutter speed conytold light. aperture changes brightness and depth of field. Viewer knows how to read you image. Aperture is key to controlling depth of field. Sense of motion changes when shutter speed is changed. Need to know how to manual control it. Measuring the area of the circle. aperture. F-stop number. Can't reason it out on your own without using physics. Shallow depth of field, dial down aperture. Depth of field always measured around point of focus.
Daguerrotype: Created by Louis Daguerre. First picture is a view from a window in the 1820's. It's created with a silver-plated copper plate. Daguerre created the most important part of the camera, what actually has the picture on it. Both a negative and a positive at the same time. Permanent process. They stay in perfect condition. Cyanotype: Created by Sir John Herschel in 1842. Potassium ferricyanide and Ferric ammonium citrate and then the two are blended together in equal parts. Didn't see any use until the 19th century. Became known as blue print. Used as a proofing material. Tend to be done by amateurs.